![]() Cellular is not feasible due to the need to provision a SIM card and pay a subscription fee. NFC is short range (<20 cm), not many smartphones support it, and also has low bandwidth. The technologies most ideal for IoT products must be usable by consumers out of the box and ideally with minimal setup. This leaves us with three options: Bluetooth Classic, Wi-Fi, and Bluetooth Low Energy (BLE).īluetooth Classic and Wi-Fi are the historic choices and supported by most smartphones, but were developed with rather specific use cases in mind. Wi-Fi was conceived to eliminate wires on LAN networks. Bluetooth was designed for creating personal area networks (PAN) between computing devices (laptops, smartphones) and various peripherals such as keyboards and headsets, typically over shorter distances than Wi-Fi. Neither of these connection types are ideal for IoT applications. Wi-Fi networks rely on the TCP-IP protocol, which requires that each device obtains its own IP address and authenticate itself on the network. This is not suitable for IoT devices, some of which don't have a physical UI for entering a Wi-Fi passcode. ![]() ![]() Wi-Fi networks have a very high data throughput, but that is not always needed by IoT devices. Meanwhile, Bluetooth Classic requires pairing of each individual device, which can be confusing for users. Bluetooth Classic supports fairly high data transfer rates, but also uses a fair bit of energy, which is not suitable for small battery powered devices that need to run for long periods of time. ![]() In recent years, a third connectivity option has become available with modern devices - Bluetooth Low Energy (BLE). ![]()
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